Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndikusintha kukhitchini, ndizokongola, zokhazikika, zosavuta kuyeretsa, komanso kusintha mwachindunji mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a khitchini.Chotsatira chake, malo owoneka a khitchini asinthidwa kwambiri, ndipo salinso mdima komanso wonyowa, ndipo ndi mdima.
Komabe, pali mitundu yambiri yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo kusiyana kwake sikochepa.Nthawi zina, mafunso okhudzana ndi chitetezo amamveka, ndipo ndizovuta kusankha.
Makamaka pankhani ya miphika, tableware ndi ziwiya zina zomwe zimanyamula chakudya mwachindunji, zinthuzo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.Kodi kusiyanitsa iwo?
Kodi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chiyani?
Mbali yapadera ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri imatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu ziwiri, zomwe ndi chromium ndi faifi tambala.Popanda chromium, sizitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nickel kumatsimikizira mtengo wa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chikhoza kukhalabe chonyezimira mumlengalenga ndipo sichichita dzimbiri chifukwa chimakhala ndi zinthu zina za chromium alloy (osachepera 10,5%), zomwe zimatha kupanga filimu yolimba ya okusayidi pamwamba pazitsulo zomwe sizisungunuka muzofalitsa zina.
Pambuyo powonjezera faifi tambala, ntchito ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri imakula bwino, ndipo imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala mumpweya, madzi ndi nthunzi, komanso imakhala ndi kukhazikika kokwanira munjira zambiri zamadzimadzi za zidulo, alkali ndi mchere, ngakhale kutentha kwambiri kapena malo otsika kutentha, akhoza kukhalabe kukana dzimbiri.
Malinga ndi microstructure, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimagawidwa kukhala martensitic, austenitic, ferritic ndi duplex zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Austenite ili ndi pulasitiki yabwino, mphamvu yochepa, kulimba kwina, kukonza kosavuta ndi kupanga, komanso kulibe ferromagnetic properties.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Austenitic chinatuluka ku Germany mu 1913, ndipo chakhala chikugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Kupanga ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kumapangitsa pafupifupi 70% ya kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Palinso magiredi achitsulo kwambiri, kotero kuti zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe mumaziwona tsiku lililonse ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic.
Chitsulo chodziwika bwino cha 304 ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic.Muyezo wakale wa dziko la China ndi 0Cr19Ni9 (0Cr18Ni9), kutanthauza kuti uli ndi 19% ya Cr (chromium) ndi 9% ya Ni (nickel).0 amatanthauza kukhala ndi mpweya <= 0.07%.
Ubwino wa chiwonetsero cha chikhalidwe cha dziko la China ndikuti zinthu zomwe zili muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimamveka bwino pang'onopang'ono.Ponena za 304, 301, 202, ndi zina zotere, awa ndi mayina a United States ndi Japan, koma tsopano aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito dzinali.
Chizindikiro chovomerezeka cha Cromargan 18-10 cha WMF pan chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Nthawi zambiri timawona ziwiya zakukhitchini zolembedwa mawu 18-10 ndi 18-8.Njira yolembera iyi imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa chromium ndi faifi tambala muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Gawo la faifi tambala ndilapamwamba ndipo chilengedwe chake ndi chokhazikika.
18-8 (nickel osachepera 8) amafanana ndi 304 zitsulo.18-10 (nickel osachepera 10) amafanana ndi zitsulo za 316 (0Cr17Ni12Mo2), zomwe zimatchedwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chamankhwala.
Chitsulo cha 304 sichapamwamba, koma sichitsika mtengo
Lingaliro lakuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic 304 ndi chapamwamba kwambiri ndi chifukwa cha Xiaomi, yemwe wapanga zinthu zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku kwa zaka zambiri muzinthu zamakono.
M'khitchini ya tsiku ndi tsiku, kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi chitetezo cha 304 ndizokwanira.316 yapamwamba kwambiri (0Cr17Ni12Mo2) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamankhwala, zamankhwala ndi zina, yokhala ndi mankhwala okhazikika komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri.
Chitsulo cha Austenitic 304 chili ndi mphamvu zochepa ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'miphika yakukhitchini, pomwe mipeni imagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zolimba kwambiri (420, 440), zomwe sizikhala ndi dzimbiri.
M'mbuyomu, zinkaganiziridwa kuti zingayambitse mavuto, makamaka 201, 202 ndi zitsulo zina zosapanga dzimbiri za manganese.201 ndi 202 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizotsika kwambiri muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo 201 ndi 202 zimapangidwira kuti zilowe m'malo mwa 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Chifukwa chake ndikuti poyerekeza ndi faifi tambala, manganese ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri.Cr-nickel-manganese austenitic zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri monga 201 ndi 202 ndi pafupifupi theka la mtengo wa 304 zitsulo.
Zoonadi, zitsulo 304 zokha sizokwera mtengo monga momwe zilili, pafupifupi 6 kapena 7 yuan pa catti, ndi 316 zitsulo ndi 11 yuan pa catti.Zowona, mtengo wazinthu nthawi zambiri sukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamtengo womaliza.Zophikira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zochokera kunja ndizokwera mtengo, osati zonse chifukwa cha zida zabwino.
Mtengo wa unit pa tani imodzi yazitsulo zopangira zitsulo ndi 1/25 yokha ya chromium ndi 1/50 ya faifi tambala.Pakati pa ndalama zina kusiyana ndi ndondomeko ya annealing, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa austenitic zosapanga dzimbiri mwachiwonekere ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wa martensite ndi chitsulo wopanda faifi tambala.Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cholimba.Chitsulo cha 304 ndi wamba koma osatsika mtengo, makamaka potengera mtengo wachitsulo chosaphika.
Malinga ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, simungathe kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu uti womwe sungagwiritsidwe ntchito kukhitchini
Muyezo wakale wadziko lonse wa GB9684-1988 umanena kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha chakudya chimagawidwa m'mitsuko ndi tableware., Martensitic zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (0Cr13, 1Cr13, 2Cr13, 3Cr13) ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito."
Mwachidule, kuyang'ana pa chitsanzo chachitsulo ndipo mukudziwa zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza chakudya, zotengera, zodula.Mwachiwonekere, muyezo wapadziko lonse panthawiyo umadziwika kuti zitsulo 304 monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
Komabe, mulingo wapadziko lonse womwe udatulutsidwanso pambuyo pake - National Food Safety Standard for Stainless Steel Products GB 9684-2011 sichimatchulanso mitundu, ndipo anthu sangathenso kuweruza mwachindunji kuti ndi chakudya chamtundu wanji.Zinangonena kuti:
"Zotengera zapa tableware, zida zopangira chakudya ndi ntchito, komanso mbali zazikuluzikulu za zidazo ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zadziko, monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic ferritic, ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ferritic;tableware ndi makina opanga chakudya Martensitic zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pagulu lalikulu la zida, monga kubowola ndi zida zopera.
Muyeso watsopano wadziko lonse, mpweya wa zigawo zachitsulo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati muyesowo umakwaniritsa zizindikiro za thupi ndi mankhwala.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwa anthu wamba, n’kovutadi kusiyanitsa chimene chiri chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha chakudya, monga ngati kuti chirichonse chingatheke, malinga ngati palibe vuto.
Sindikudziwa, ndisankhe bwanji?
Chitetezo cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi manganese.Ngati kudya kwa zitsulo zolemera monga manganese kupitirira muyezo wina, padzakhala kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje, monga kukumbukira kukumbukira ndi kusowa mphamvu.
Ndiye kodi zingayambitse poizoni chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri monga 201 ndi 202?Yankho lake ndi losamvetsetseka.
Choyamba ndi kusowa kwa umboni weniweni m'moyo weniweni.Kuphatikiza apo, mwachidziwitso, palibe zotsatira zokhutiritsa.
Pali mzere wapamwamba muzokambirana izi: kuyankhula za kawopsedwe popanda mlingo ndi hooliganism.
Mofanana ndi maelementi ena ambiri, munthu sasiyanitsidwa ndi manganese, koma akayamwa kwambiri, amayambitsa ngozi.Kwa akuluakulu, "kuchuluka kokwanira" kwa manganese ndi 2-3 mg patsiku ku United States ndi 3.5 mg ku China.Kwa malire apamwamba, miyezo yokhazikitsidwa ndi China ndi United States ndi pafupifupi 10 mg patsiku.Malinga ndi malipoti atolankhani, manganese omwe amakhala ku China amakhala pafupifupi 6.8 mg patsiku, komanso akuti manganese omwe amapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zazitsulo 201 ndizovuta ndipo sizingasinthe kuchuluka kwa manganese kwa anthu.
Kodi milingo yokhazikikayi imapezedwa bwanji, isintha mtsogolomo, komanso madyedwe ndi magwero operekedwa ndi malipoti azankhani adzakhala okayikitsa.Kodi kupanga chiweruzo pa nthawi ino?
Kutseka pansi pa Fissler 20cm supu mphika, zakuthupi: 18-10 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Timakhulupirira kuti ndi chizoloŵezi chabwino kuganizira za moyo waumwini, kuteteza kuopsa kwa zinthu zoopsa, ndikuyesera kufunafuna zotetezeka komanso zapamwamba za tsiku ndi tsiku zofunika kukhitchini pansi pa mikhalidwe.
Ndiye mukatha kusankha 304 ndi 316, bwanji kusankha zina?
Zwillan TWIN Classic II Mphika Wakuya Wophikira 20cm Pansi Pansi Pafupi
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri?
Mitundu yachikale yaku Germany monga Fissler, WMF ndi Zwilling nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 316 (18-10), ndipo zinthu zapamwamba ndizachidziwikire.
Anthu a ku Japan amagwiritsa ntchito 304, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchula zosakaniza zawo mwachindunji.
Kwa mankhwala omwe magwero awo sali odalirika kwambiri, njira yodalirika ndiyo kuwatumiza ku labotale, koma ogula ambiri alibe vutoli.Ena netizens amaganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito maginito kudziwa katundu maginito ndi njira, ndi kuti austenitic 304 zitsulo si maginito, pamene ferrite Thupi ndi martensitic zitsulo ndi maginito, koma kwenikweni austenitic 304 zitsulo si si maginito, koma maginito pang'ono.
Chitsulo cha Austenitic chidzatulutsa martensite pang'ono pakugwira ntchito yozizira, ndipo chimakhala ndi maginito ena pamtunda wokhazikika, kupindika pamwamba ndi kudula pamwamba, ndipo 201 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhalanso ndi maginito pang'ono, kotero sichodalirika kugwiritsa ntchito maginito.
Njira yodziwira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizosankha.M'malo mwake, ndikuzindikira zomwe zili mu nickel ndi molybdenum muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Mankhwala omwe ali mu potion amachitira ndi nickel ndi molybdenum muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuti apange zovuta za mtundu wina, kuti adziwe nickel yamkati ndi molybdenum ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.pafupifupi zomwe zili.
Mwachitsanzo, 304 potion, pamene faifi tambala mu anayesedwa zosapanga dzimbiri ndi wamkulu kuposa 8%, adzasonyeza mtundu, koma chifukwa nickel zili zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 316, 310 ndi zipangizo zina ndi wamkulu kuposa 8%, kotero ngati 304 Potion imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira 310, 316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chidzawonetsanso mtundu, kotero ngati mukufuna kusiyanitsa pakati pa 304, 310, ndi 316, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito potion yofananira.Kuonjezera apo, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zili pamalopo zimatha kuzindikira zomwe zili mu nickel ndi molybdenum muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, koma sizingazindikire zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.Zomwe zili muzitsulo zina zamakemikolo zosapanga dzimbiri, monga chromium, kotero ngati mukufuna kudziwa zenizeni za chigawo chilichonse chamankhwala muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, muyenera kuzitumiza kwa akatswiri oyezetsa.
Pomaliza, kusankha mtundu wodalirika ndi njira yotulukira pamene mikhalidwe Permit0
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-08-2022